Gabon , officially the Gabonese Republic (French: République Gabonaise) is a sovereign state on the west coast of Central Africa. It borders Equatorial Guinea to the northwest, Cameroon to the north, and the Republic of the Congo on the east and south. To its west is the Atlantic Ocean's Gulf of Guinea. It has an area of nearly 270,000 km², and its population is estimated at 1.5 million people. Its capital and largest city is Libreville.